Hugo Charlemont (March 18, 1850 - April 18, 1939) was an Austrian painter, born in Jemnice, Moravia.
He was the son of the miniature painter Matthias Adolf Charlemont and the brother of the painters Eduard Charlemont (1848-1906) and Theodor Charlemont (1859-1938).
Hugo's daughter Lilly Charlemont also was an artist.
From 1873 he studied art at the Academy in Vienna under Eduard von Lichtenfels.